Question # 1
Occupation is a form of stratification because through the skills one can be able to secure a form of employment which differs from one another. It becomes a source of stratification since as people acquire different skills, which take them to different professions; they earn different incomes hence the stratification.
Occupations are classified by many factors. One of them is the skills required to perform the occupation. Occupations which require more skill are well paying than those which demand limited skills. The working conditions also determine the stratification of occupations. Safe and clean working environments are higher on the stratification scale. The rewards associated with an occupation are the main source of stratification. Different earnings give rise to different classes. The power that is associated with an occupation also leads to stratification. Occupations that are associated with power are more rewarding and prestigious.
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Question # 2
Collins uses the conflict theory to explain stratification in the society. This is based on the principles that humans are social animals, but are vulnerable to conflict. The conflict results from forced coercion which is not an interesting experience leading to antagonism. The coercing force can use this power to award themselves economic advantages at the expense of others. Collins uses occupation, sex, level of education, age and parental occupation to determine stratification in the society. This is different from mark because, in the Marxian theory, the causes of stratification are ideology of the ruling class, the surplus value, class struggles in control of production and alienation based on social classes.
